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Municipal institution
"Transcarpatian Museum of Folk Architecture and Life"
of the Transcarpatian Regional Council
Detailed information about the exposition
A wooden house with a thatched roof and a part of a crane well.
The foreground of a wooden house with a thatched roof is photographed from the left. Stone steps lead to the rectangular entrance to the house. There are two closed small windows on the wall.
In the foreground is a woven tin. Behind it is the side of a wooden house with a thatched roof. There are two small windows on the wall. On the left is a part of the yard, where there is a well-crane, a chicken coop on legs, and a barn.
A wooden house with a thatched roof and a part of a crane well.
House from Orikhovytsia
of Uzhhorod district
It represents one of the expanded options for a yard in the Uzhan Valley and the life of a villager farmer. The house has three rooms: a room, a hall, and a pantry.
The room has a traditional setting. The area near the stove was a kitchen area. The hostess prepared meals for the family, fodder for livestock, and baked bread here. Among the furniture, the table was also important. The corner where the table stood was considered the most honorable one - the guests were seated behind it, and the whole family gathered there during the holiday. Long carved benches were under the front and end walls, on which family members slept. Sometimes, owners sat near the window and used benches for various household tasks (repairing shoes, embroidering, spinning).
A barn, a wooden chicken coop on high legs, and a crane well are in the manor's yard.
House from Rakoshyno
of Mukachevo district
The house represents the housing of a middle-class villager, which is characteristic of the folk construction of the population in the valley of the Latorytsia River. The house was built in 1869, as evidenced by the carved inscription in the living room.
The house is made of wood, along the front and end walls, there is a semi-open gallery ("tornats"), the lower part of which is sheathed with boards and decorated with slotted carvings. The roof is gable with truncated gables, decorated with carvings in the form of stars and the moon.
The house layout has three rooms (two living rooms and a hall), which was typical for the housing construction of Ukrainians in the second half of the 19th century.
The manor yard has farm buildings: a barn, a kish ("koshnytsia") for corn, and a dovecote on high legs.
A wooden house smeared with white clay.
The front part of a wooden house is smeared with white clay. A wooden staircase leads from the garden, where two trees are visible, to a semi-open wooden porch. There are two middle windows on the front wall.
The left side of a wooden house is smeared with white clay. A semi-open porch surrounds the house. There are two windows on the front wall, one on the side. On the side of the house, the dovecote is a small wooden structure with several small holes on high wooden legs.
A wooden house smeared with white clay.
A wooden house smeared with clay, painted blue.
A wooden house smeared with clay, painted blue. On the side, a bush of different colors of flowers: white, yellow, red, pink.
Under the wooden canopy is a clay structure akin to an irregular truncated cone. There is a small opening at the bottom of the front for placing firewood. There is a hole on top - a mouth - for storing dried pottery inside.
A wooden house smeared with clay, painted blue.
House from Dovhe
of Irshava district
The house reproduces the level of folk construction of the second half of the 19th century and is typical for the population of the valley of the upper reaches of the Borzhava River. The house is three-part, consisting of a room, a hall, and a storeroom.
The hall exhibition reproduces the pottery craft, which gained considerable popularity in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Here you can see the potter's wheel and other tools of the potter's work - a wooden knife ("fokyish") for smoothing the outer side of products, a piece of leather ("slyzka") for smoothing crowns, a dart ("drut") for cutting products from the potter's wheel, pysak, which was used to paint the products.
A pottery stove for firing clay products is in the yard near the house.
House from Steblivka
of Khust district
The house represents one of the types of folk dwellings. They existed in the south of Khust and Tiachiv districts. The house is a sample of the only two-room dwelling in the museum exposition. Its feature is that both rooms are isolated from each other, and each has a separate entrance from the gallery.
The climatic conditions of the foothills determined the peculiarities of the shape of the roof. The roof is high, four-sloped, three times higher than the visible part of the walls. Snow slides off this roof faster, and water runs off.
Next to the house, there is an old apiary, in the exposition of which there presented a two-story structure ("pcholnyk") and several samples of beehives. The ancient "duplianka" beehives, made from a log hollowed out from the middle, attract attention. The lower part of the duplianka consisted of the bottom, built up from boards, and a hole for bees. More perfect are the frame beehives, which are also exhibited here.
A wooden house with a high roof, smeared with clay, painted blue. Around, below the stone hill, there is a garden with beehives of various ages and a large green tree on the side.
Frontal blue wall of a wooden house. A semi-open porch with one entrance leading to two separate fenced entries. There is a window near the left entrance.
The house is photographed from the back on the left side. In the foreground, a green branch from a tree covers the right third of the photo. The left wall of the house has two windows. The semi-open porch goes on the front and the sides but not the back wall.
A wooden house with a high roof, smeared with clay, painted blue. Around, below the stone hill, there is a garden with beehives of various ages and a large green tree on the side.
A wooden inn with different entrances to each of the rooms. The front has three entries and three windows. Two entries on the right side of the inn are fenced off. The third entrance and all windows are closed.
Photo of the wooden structure of the inn. A stylized sign with individual wooden letters of the word "Корчма" (Korchma) can be seen from the front wall, and two fenced entrances to the rooms and closed windows.
A wooden inn with different entrances to each of the rooms. The front has three entries and three windows. Two entries on the right side of the inn are fenced off. The third entrance and all windows are closed.
Korchma from Verkhnyi Bystryi
of Mizhhiria district
The korchma from Verkhnii Bystryi, exhibited in the museum, was built in the 60s of the 19th century. It was transferred twice: first, from the old village dwelling above the river to the new road, which ran from the Vyshiv Pass to Mizhhiria, and then to Khust. With the appearance of other korchmas here, the usurer center of Verkhnii Bystryi was fully created. In the village, in addition to the official ones with a patent permit, there were also so-called "blind korchmas" (trafiikas) that did not have such a permit to sell drinks.
In 1977, the korchma moved to a museum. The framework, floor, and roof were built using traditional local construction techniques. However, the size and layout of the korchma are somewhat different from the villager houses.
The framework of the korchma is made of spruce logs, joined at the corners in locks ("kaniuks"). The foundation (tram) of the framework is installed on a low stone foundation. The roof is high, four-pitched, covered with wood chips. Semicircular holes, made in it, are dymnymy. The building has a large roof overhang. The wide roof protects the walls well from precipitation.
House from Bedevlia
of Tiachevo district
The house from Bedevlia was built in 1888 (the date (25th of March, 1888) is carved in two places, one of them being the doorpost) and shows a typical dwelling of wealthy villagers.
The house is divided into three parts: two living rooms and a hall. A door leads to the hall from the porch. You can see the inscription "The house was built by Tyvodar Ivan" on the doorpost.
A kish set up for drying and storing corn cobs is in the yard in front of the house. It has a four-sloped roof, which is removable to fill with corn cobs. In the lower part of the basket, there is a small rectangular hole for removing the cobs.
A wooden house with blue stripes.
The front side of the wooden house with blue stripes is on a stone hill. In the foreground are two green trees.
A wooden house with blue stripes.
Monumental wooden gate with a separate entrance for people and a separate entrance for carts. On two sides, a small wooden tin. A wooden house with blue windows can be seen through the entries.
In the foreground, wooden tine and bushes from the neighboring vegetable garden. In the background is a wooden house with blue windows on a stone foundation to the yard around.
A wooden house with blue windows and a semi-open porch. There is a green yard around. A white building with an orange roof can be seen in the distance.
Monumental wooden gate with a separate entrance for people and a separate entrance for carts. On two sides, a small wooden tin. A wooden house with blue windows can be seen through the entries.
House from Serednie Vodiane
of Rakhiv district
The house from Serednie Vodiane is a typical dwelling of a middle-class villager of the end of the 19th - the first half of the 20th century, pretty common among the Romanian population of the region, consisting of a festive room, a dining room, and a living room.
We enter the courtyard of the Romanian house through a monumental entrance consisting of two parts: a wooden gate for passage and a wide gate for carts. Similar gate types were widely used in Transcarpathia and were a bright decoration of the streets.
The entrance to the house is from the main facade: at first, we get into the hall and from here - into the living quarters.
House from Vyshkovo
of Khust district
The house from Vyshkovo represents one of the types of folk housing of the Hungarian population of Transcarpathia. It was built in 1879, as evidenced by the carved inscription on the central scroll ("meshterherenda").
The house layout, which consists of four rooms, is peculiar: two living rooms, a kitchen, and a storeroom. On one side of the house, under the closet, is a cellar storing fruits, vegetables, and wine. A high foundation built on this side changed the house's appearance.
The front part of the house is smeared with white clay. A semi-open porch covers approximately two-thirds of the front wall. There are three windows with bars on them.
A wooden fence and stone steps are in the foreground. In the background, a wooden house smeared with clay and painted white. There are green trees and a yard around.
The front part of the house is smeared with white clay. A semi-open porch covers approximately two-thirds of the front wall. There are three windows with bars on them.
Water wheel and wooden mill building. Near the water wheel of a pond with colorful fish.
The wooden rectangular building of the mill and the water wheel on its right side. A bush with flowers is nearby.
Water mill room with internal mechanism. There are two large millstones horizontally. Wooden stairs lead to the upper part of a large vessel in the shape of an inverted pyramid.
Water wheel and wooden mill building. Near the water wheel of a pond with colorful fish.
Watermill from Kolochava
of Mizhhiria district
In addition to house samples, our museum presents samples of technical old Transcarpathian structures: a mill, a stupa-suknovalnia, and a valylo. A mill building, consisting of a room for the mechanism and a small room, was traditional for a Transcarpathian village of the 19th - early 20th centuries. It served as a temporary shelter for the miller and the villagers who brought grain.
The average size of the mill was 4×8 m2. The working room occupied two-thirds of the area of the building. It had through doors: grain was brought into one, and finished products - flour - were taken out of the other.
Mills were usually built near a river or stream. The river water was brought to the mill through a special channel (called "roztoka," "mlynovytsia").
In addition to the room with the mechanism in the mill, there was also a small living room where the miller could live, or people stayed overnight while waiting for their turn.
House-grazda from Rakhiv district
One of the most colorful examples of Hutsul folk construction is the house-grazhda - a complex of residential and farm buildings that forms a single architectural and constructive building, closed around the perimeter, reminiscent of a fortress. The construction of closed complexes, in addition to economic needs, also performed defensive functions: protection of residents from danger, domestic animals from wild animals, and during the long winter - from wind and snow.
The buildings are located in two rows. The first row consists of a three-part dwelling with storerooms attached to it on both sides and sheds sheltering sheep from the rear facade. The second row is made up of farm buildings - a barn ("stalov"), a yard storeroom ("klit"), behind which is a woodshed ("drovarnia").
Wooden gates, with the roofs of the residential and commercial parts inside. A stone path leads to the building.
The residential row of the grazhda. A long wooden house with a porch and four medium-sized windows.
View from the inside of the grazhda. Half of the residential and household rows are visible. On the left side of the exit, under the canopy, there are farming materials.
Wooden gates, with the roofs of the residential and commercial parts inside. A stone path leads to the building.
The wooden house is made of four enormous ash half logs. A stone path leads to the house. There are small bushes in front of the entrance to the house and on the side. There are trees around the building.
Wooden house close up.
The wooden house is made of four enormous ash half logs. A stone path leads to the house. There are small bushes in front of the entrance to the house and on the side. There are trees around the building.
House from Yasinia (settlement Keveliv)
of Rakhiv district
The house from the village of Yasinia is a model of housing construction and household culture of the poor Hutsul and is the oldest in the museum's exposition (built in the middle of the 18th century).
The house is one of the smallest in the museum in terms of area, but its appearance gives the impression of a reliable, strong dwelling that has served more than one generation of people. The walls of the hut were built using a log technique from four massive ash half-logs with a diameter of 50-60 cm. The plan of the building is three-part (living room-hall-pantry), semi-chimney with the discharge of smoke into the hall through a four-sided pipe woven from rods and plastered with clay.
House from Rekity
of Mizhhiria district
The house from Rekity represents one of the common types of folk dwellings of the Boykos of Transcarpathia.
The Boykos' dwelling has preserved several architectural and structural features: a high roof, which exceeds the frame of the wall, and a trapezoidal entrance door, the shape of which dates back to the existence of a primitive dwelling (kurin).
Young shoots of spruce ("tsari," "koroli") draw attention to the doorway of the entrance door leading to the hall - an ancient talisman that performed protective and protective functions (it protected against thunder and lightning, and evil spells of witches).
The house is divided into three parts: a living room, a hall, and a storeroom.
Distant view of a wooden house with a thatched roof. In the foreground is a thin wooden plank, and behind it a tree.
A wooden house with a thatched roof and two entries - to the living area and the storeroom. In front of the entrance to the living room and the hall, there are wooden stairs.
Rear view of a wooden house with a thatched roof. A haystack is on the side in the foreground. Hay is twisted near the wall of the house.
Distant view of a wooden house with a thatched roof. In the foreground is a thin wooden plank, and behind it a tree.
A wooden house with a thatched roof. Two sets of stairs lead to the porch on both sides. The right entrance is closed by a gate. There are stone millstones on the right side of the house.
A wooden house with a thatched roof and a bench on the side.
A wooden house with a thatched roof. Two sets of stairs lead to the porch on both sides. The right entrance is closed by a gate. There are stone millstones on the right side of the house.
House from Huklyvyi
of Volovets district
The house from Huklyvyi represents a common version of the folk housing of the Boykos, which consisted of a hall, a room, and a storeroom.
A characteristic feature of the layout of the house is the location of the living room between the barn and the pantry, which contributed to its insulation. Each of the three premises has its functional purpose and equipment.
The pantry, a cold and clean room, was used to store food, various dishes, household items, and traditional festive and everyday clothes.
House from Husnyi
of Velykyi Bereznyi district
The manor house Husnyi is an example of a single-row type of courtyard construction, in which housing and utility rooms are placed in one row along a straight axis and united by one roof.
Unique geographical and climatic conditions caused house construction and location. Such a manor house, which received the name "long house (hyzha)," represents an early form of construction, widespread in Transcarpathia, especially on the Boyko-Lemko border.
The house is a long (19 m) rectangular building, under one roof of which there are five rooms: a hall - a room - a pantry - a stodola ("pelevnia") - a barn ("stainia"). The agricultural and animal household direction of the economy determined the need for appropriate economic premises, the nature and number of which directly depended on the socio-economic status of the villagers.
A long wooden house with a thatched roof and a semi-open porch. Tall bushes with colorful flowers surround the house.
View of the porch and flowers.
View of the household part of the house. Large double doors to enter the larger room. On the left side of them, there is a door. Next to it are stacked boards and stone millstones.
A long wooden house with a thatched roof and a semi-open porch. Tall bushes with colorful flowers surround the house.
A low wooden house with a thatched roof plastered with clay.
Rear view of a wooden house plastered with clay with a thatched roof. On the left side, a kudelia is propped up against the wall - a device for weaving cloth.
A low wooden house with a thatched roof plastered with clay.
House from Tybava
of Svaliava district
One of the oldest houses in the museum - a house from Tybava, Svaliava district - represents folk construction at the end of the 18th century. According to some researchers, Yurii Venelin-Hutsa was probably born in this house since his parents lived here. The man is a famous Ukrainian historian, philologist, ethnographer, and researcher of the history of Bulgaria.
The house is a log three-part structure typical for this area. It consists of a room, a hall, and a storeroom.
The hall and the storeroom were used as utility rooms. Essential items - susiks for grain and various household utensils - are stored here.
Church from Kolchyno
(settlement Shelestovo)
of Mukachevo district
One of the best examples of the old Transcarpathian temple architecture is the Church of the Archangel Michael. It is the gem of the museum exposition. The church was built in 1777 in Shelestovo (now subordinate to the village council of Kolchyno) of Mukachevo district. In 1927, it was moved to Mukachevo to be preserved as a piece of folk construction, and in 1974, it was installed on the territory of the museum.
The Shelestovo church is a model of the Lemkos church-building tradition. Folk masters managed to create a complete architectural composition of the temple, which combines the traditional forms of Boyko type with Lemko. The genius of the builder managed to combine two styles (tent and baroque) into a single integrated architectural composition, which still amazes us with its beauty and perfection. The plan of the church is two stories but three parts: a vestibule (babynets), a nave, and an altar.
At the entrance to the church, we can see bells cast in 1925 in the workshops of Mali Heiivtsi. This village workshop, founded by Ferenc Egri back in 1793, supplied bells to the countries of Central Europe, which testifies to the rich traditions of artistic molding in Transcarpathia in the past.
The front part of the wooden church: the entrance to the church and the high tower are behind the fence. A wooden chapel is near the raddle.
The side part of the wooden church: the tower, the tabernacle of the nave, and the altar. A semi-open porch leads to the side of the altar room.
The back part of the wooden church. There are three parts of the building, each of which increases in height and has more tents.
The front part of the wooden church: the entrance to the church and the high tower are behind the fence. A wooden chapel is near the raddle.
Behind the trees on both sides is the entrance to the premises of the wooden folk school. A wooden staircase leads to the entry and the fenced porch. The front wall has three windows.
Wooden folk school, which has a fence on the left side of the entrance. In front of the building are small green areas and a tree.
A wooden school building with a fenced porch along the front part. On the right side, on the leg, there is a bell from a small roof to announce the beginning and end of lessons.
Behind the trees on both sides is the entrance to the premises of the wooden folk school. A wooden staircase leads to the entry and the fenced porch. The front wall has three windows.
School from Synevyrska Poliana
of Mizhhiria district
The school on display in the museum is a peculiar monument of folk construction of the second half of the 19th century. It is a typical rural dwelling with changes in the traditional layout, such as larger dimensions.
The school is built from spruce wood, using traditional logging techniques. An open gallery stretches along the main facade at the foundations. The roof is four-sloped. Rafters are attached with horizontally nailed battens, and the wooden chips are installed on them.
The structure of the ceiling ("podovynia") consists of four longitudinal beams ("gerendas") on which thick boards are laid. The floor in the classroom and the teacher's room is made of clay, and the hall and storeroom are made of thick boards.
On the doorpost is written: "In the year of God, 1883, Ternavchuk Ilko and his wife, Plaha, and their children gave the task. The work was completed on the 24th of the month of July. Master Halai Yurko".
Smithy from Dubove
of Tiachevo district
This specific object was a necessary component of almost every Transcarpathian village in the past. The main tools, tools, weapons, household items, and even jewelry were made from iron.
The first forges, as centers of iron processing, were already at the beginning of the establishment of the Kyivan Rus statehood. However, the possibility of having smithies in an earlier period is not excluded. Various blacksmith tools were found in different areas.
As a rule, a village began with a smithy. It was usually placed at a crossroads so that passers-by could shoe their horses while traveling on one or another road.
The forge played a crucial role in the economic life of the Transcarpathian village in the past, and now it is a fascinating piece of folk crafts.
A wooden forge building with a small porch that houses the heavy tools (close-up and right).
A wooden forge building with a small porch that houses the heavy tools (far left).
A wooden forge building with a small porch that houses the heavy tools (close-up and right).